According to T. S. Pattie, what is the outcome for Aeneas in warfare?

• A. He does what must be done but is deeply unhappy.
• B. He finds warfare exhilarating.
• C. He avoids warfare whenever possible.
• D. He is driven by rage and joy.

Answer: (A)

Aeneas’s engagement in war, in T. S. Pattie’s reading, is defined by duty over delight. He fights because fate and his own pietas compel him to do what must be done to fulfill his mission, not because he enjoys battle. This makes the outcome one of accomplished obligation coupled with deep personal unhappiness: he leads and wins, but his inner life is marked by sorrow, restraint, and reluctance toward killing. Pattie emphasizes that Aeneas endures warfare as a necessary burden, rather than finding exhilaration or being driven by rage and joy.